igozhang

——

    mysql_slave主从配置

    1. 案例1:MySQL一主一从
    2. 案例2:配置主从从同步结构
    3. 配置半同步复制模式

    1 案例1:MySQL一主一从

    1.1 问题

    • 构建 主-->从 复制结构
    • 其中主机192.168.4.10作为主库
    • 主机192.168.4.20作为从库

    1.2 方案

    使用2台RHEL 7虚拟机,如图-1所示。其中192.168.4.10是MySQL主服务器,负责提供同步源;另一台192.168.4.20作为MySQL从服务器,通过调取主服务器上的binlog日志,在本地重做对应的库、表,实现与主服务器的AB复制(同步)。

    图-1

    提前为两台MySQL服务器安装好MySQL-server、MySQL-Client软件包,并为数据库用户root修改密码;Linux客户机上则只需安装MySQL-Client软件包即可。

    1.3 步骤

    实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

    步骤一:初始化现有库

    为了在启用binlog日志及同步之前保持主、从库的一致性,建议进行初始化——备份主服务器上现有的库,然后导入到从服务器上。

    当现有库、表都采用MyISAM引擎时,可执行离线备份、恢复,这样更有效率;否则,可通过mysqldump等工具来实现库的导出、导入。

    1)备份MySQL Master(192.168.4.10)上现有的库

    如果服务器已经启用binlog,建议对日志做一次重置,否则可忽略:

    1. [root@dbsvr1 ~]# mysql -u root -p
    2. Enter password:                                 //以数据库用户root登入
    3. .. ..
    4. mysql> RESET MASTER;                             //重置binlog日志
    5. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
    6. mysql> quit                                     //退出mysql> 环境
    7. Bye

    以备份mysql库、sys库为例,导出操作如下:

    1. [root@dbsvr1 ~]# mysqldump -u root -p –all-databases > /root/mytest.sql
    2. Enter password:                                     //验证口令
    3. [root@dbsvr1 ~]# ls -lh /root/mytest.sql             //确认备份结果
    4. -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 777172 4月 23 12:21 /root/mytest.sql

    2)在MySQL Slave(192.168.4.20)上导入备份的库

    先清理目标库,避免导入时冲突。主要是采用InnoDB引擎的库,授权库mysql多采用MyISAM引擎,可不做清理。

    1. [root@dbsvr2 ~]# mysql -u root -p
    2. Enter password:                                 //以数据库用户root登入
    3. .. ..
    4. mysql> DROP DATABASE test;                         //删除test库
    5. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
    6. mysql> quit                                     //退出mysql> 环境
    7. Bye

    使用scp工具下载备份文件:

    1. [root@dbsvr2 ~]# scp /root/mytest.sql root@192.168.4.20:/
    2. root@dbsvr1's password:                         //验证对方系统用户root的口令
    3. mytest.sql 100% 759KB 759.0KB/s 00:00
    4. [root@dbsvr2 ~]# ls -lh mytest.sql             //确认下载结果
    5. -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 759K 4月 23 12:22 /mytest.sql

    执行导入操作:

    1. [root@dbsvr2 ~]# mysql -u root -p < /mytest.sql
    2. Enter password:                                 //验证口令

    导入成功后,可重新登入 mysql> 环境,确认清理的目标库已恢复:

    1. mysql> show databases;
    2. +--------------------+
    3. | Database |
    4. +--------------------+
    5. | information_schema |
    6. | mysql |
    7. | performance_schema |
    8. | sys |
    9. +--------------------+
    10. 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    步骤二:配置MySQL Master(主服务器,192.168.4.10)

    1)修改/etc/my.cnf配置,重新启动MySQL服务程序

    指定服务器ID号、允许日志同步:

    1. [root@dbsvr1 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
    2. [mysqld]
    3. log_bin=dbsvr1-bin                     //启用binlog日志,并指定文件名前缀
    4. server_id = 10                         //指定服务器ID号
    5. ......

    重启mysql服务:

    1. [root@dbsvr1 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld.service

    2)新建一个备份用户,授予复制权限

    需要的权限为REPLICATION SLAVE,允许其从Slave服务器访问:

    1. mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'replicater'@'192.168.4.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'pwd123';
    2. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.09 sec)

    3)检查Master服务器的同步状态

    在已经初始化现有库的情况下,查看MASTER状态,记录下当前的日志文件名、偏移的位置(下面SLAVE发起复制时需要用到):

    1. mysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS\G
    2. *************************** 1. row ***************************
    3. File: dbsvr1-bin.000001 //记住当前的日志文件名
    4. Position: 154 //记住当前的位置
    5. Binlog_Do_DB:
    6. Binlog_Ignore_DB:
    7. Executed_Gtid_Set:
    8. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    步骤三:配置MySQL Slave(从服务器,192.168.4.20)

    1)修改/etc/my.cnf配置,重新启动MySQL服务程序

    指定服务器ID号、允许日志同步:

    1. [root@dbsvr2 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
    2. [mysqld]
    3. log_bin=dbsvr2-bin                     //启动SQL日志,并指定文件名前缀
    4. server_id = 20                         //指定服务器ID号,不要与Master的相同
    5. .. ..

    在生产环境中,还可以根据需要设置更详细的同步选项。比如,指定当主、从网络中断时的重试超时时间(slave-net-timeout=60 )等,具体可参考MySQL手册。

    配置完成后,重启mysql服务:

    1. [root@dbsvr2 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld.service

    通过CHANGE MASTER语句指定MASTER服务器的IP地址、同步用户名/密码、起始日志文件、偏移位置(参考MASTER上的状态输出):

    1. mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.4.10',
    2. -> MASTER_USER='replicater',
    3. -> MASTER_PASSWORD='pwd123',
    4. -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='dbsvr1-bin.000002',     //对应Master的日志文件
    5. -> MASTER_LOG_POS=334;                         //对应Master的日志偏移位置
    6. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.12 sec)

    然后执行START SLAVE(较早版本中为SLAVE START)启动复制:

    1. mysql> START SLAVE;                             //启动复制
    2. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    注意:一旦启用SLAVE复制,当需要修改MASTER信息时,应先执行STOP SLAVE停止复制,然后重新修改、启动复制。

    通过上述连接操作,MASTER服务器的设置信息自动存为master.info文件,以后每次MySQL服务程序时会自动调用并更新,无需重复设置。查看master.info文件的开头部分内容,可验证相关设置:

    1. [root@dbsvr2 ~]# ls -lh /var/lib/mysql/master.info
    2. -rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 132 4月 23 12:06 /var/lib/mysql/master.info
    3. [root@dbsvr2 ~]# head /var/lib/mysql/master.info
    4. 25
    5. dbsvr1-bin.000001
    6. 154
    7. 192.168.4.10
    8. replicater
    9. pwd123
    10. 3306
    11. 60
    12. 0

    2)检查Slave服务器的同步状态

    通过SHOW SLAVE STATUS语句可查看从服务器状态,确认其中的IO线程、SQL线程正常运行,才能成功同步:

    1. mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
    2. Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
    3. Master_Host: 192.168.4.1
    4. Master_User: replicater
    5. Master_Port: 3306
    6. Connect_Retry: 60
    7. Master_Log_File: dbsvr1-bin.000001
    8. Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
    9. Relay_Log_File: db2-relay-bin.000003
    10. Relay_Log_Pos: 321
    11. Relay_Master_Log_File: dbsvr1-bin.000001
    12. Slave_IO_Running: Yes //IO线程应该已运行
    13. Slave_SQL_Running: Yes //SQL线程应该已运行
    14. Replicate_Do_DB:
    15. Replicate_Ignore_DB:
    16. Replicate_Do_Table:
    17. Replicate_Ignore_Table:
    18. Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
    19. Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
    20. Last_Errno: 0
    21. Last_Error:
    22. Skip_Counter: 0
    23. Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154
    24. Relay_Log_Space: 2490
    25. Until_Condition: None
    26. Until_Log_File:
    27. Until_Log_Pos: 0
    28. Master_SSL_Allowed: No
    29. Master_SSL_CA_File:
    30. Master_SSL_CA_Path:
    31. Master_SSL_Cert:
    32. Master_SSL_Cipher:
    33. Master_SSL_Key:
    34. Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
    35. Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
    36. Last_IO_Errno: 0
    37. Last_IO_Error:
    38. Last_SQL_Errno: 0
    39. Last_SQL_Error:
    40. Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
    41. Master_Server_Id: 10
    42. Master_UUID: 2d4d8a11-27b7-11e7-ae78-52540055c180
    43. Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
    44. SQL_Delay: 0
    45. SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
    46. Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
    47. Master_Retry_Count: 86400
    48. Master_Bind:
    49. Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
    50. Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
    51. Master_SSL_Crl:
    52. Master_SSL_Crlpath:
    53. Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
    54. Executed_Gtid_Set:
    55. Auto_Position: 0
    56. Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
    57. Channel_Name:
    58. Master_TLS_Version:
    59. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    若START SLAVE直接报错失败,请检查CHANGE MASTER相关设置是否有误,纠正后再重试;若IO线程或SQL线程有一个为“No”,则应检查服务器的错误日志,分析并排除故障后重启主从复制。

    步骤四:测试主从同步效果

    1)在Master上操作数据库、表、表记录

    新建newdb库、newtable表,随意插入几条表记录:

    1. mysql> CREATE DATABASE newdb;                         //新建库newdb
    2. Query OK, 1 row affected (0.17 sec)
    3. mysql> USE newdb;                                     //切换到newdb库
    4. Database changed
    5. mysql> CREATE TABLE newtable(id int(4));             //新建newtable表
    6. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.46 sec)
    7. mysql> INSERT INTO newtable VALUES(1234),(5678);     //插入2条表记录
    8. Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.24 sec)
    9. Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
    10. mysql> SELECT * FROM newtable;                         //确认表数据
    11. +------+
    12. | id |
    13. +------+
    14. | 1234 |
    15. | 5678 |
    16. +------+
    17. 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    2)在Slave上确认自动同步的结果

    直接切换到newdb库,并查询newtable表的记录,应该与Master上的一样,这才说明主从同步已经成功生效:

    1. mysql> USE newdb;                                     //直接切换到newdb库
    2. Reading table information for completion of table and column names
    3. You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
    4. Database changed
    5. mysql> SELECT * FROM newtable;                     //输出表记录
    6. +------+
    7. | id |
    8. +------+
    9. | 1234 |
    10. | 5678 |
    11. +------+
    12. 2 rows in set (0.02 sec)

    3)在Master服务器上可查看Slave主机的信息

    1. mysql> SHOW SLAVE HOSTS;
    2. +-----------+------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
    3. | Server_id | Host | Port | Master_id | Slave_UUID |
    4. +-----------+------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
    5. | 2 | | 3306 | 10 | 512cf7c1-27c4-11e7-8f4b-5254007b030b |
    6. +-----------+------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
    7. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    2 案例2:配置主从从同步结构

    2.1 问题

    • 具体要求如下:
    • 配置主机192.168.4.51为主数据库服务器
    • 配置主机192.168.4.52为51主机的从库服务器
    • 配置主机192.168.4.53为52主机的从库服务器
    • 客户端连接主数据库服务器51主机创建的数据,连接52和53主机时,也可以访问到库、表、记录。

    2.2 方案

    使用3台RHEL 7虚拟机,如图-2所示。其中192.168.4.51是MySQL主服务器,负责提供同步源;另一台192.168.4.52作为192.168.4.51从服务器,最后一台192.168.4.53作为192.168.4.52从服务器,通过调取主服务器上的binlog日志,客户端访问主库51 时 创建库表记录 在52 和53 数据库服务器都可以看到

    图-2

    2.3 步骤

    实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

    步骤一:环境准备

    为了在启用binlog日志及同步之前保持主、从库的一致性,主从同步未配置之前,要保证从库上要有主库上的数据,禁用selinux,关闭防火墙服务,保证物理连接正常

    1. [root@db51 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
    2. [root@db51 ~]# setenforce 0
    3. [root@db51 ~]# ping -c 2 192.168.4.51
    4. PING 192.168.4.51 (192.168.4.51) 56(84) bytes of data.
    5. 64 bytes from 192.168.4.51: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.059 ms
    6. 64 bytes from 192.168.4.51: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.063 ms
    7. --- 192.168.4.51 ping statistics ---
    8. 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms
    9. rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.059/0.061/0.063/0.002 ms
    10. [root@db51 ~]# ping -c 2 192.168.4.52
    11. PING 192.168.4.52 (192.168.4.52) 56(84) bytes of data.
    12. 64 bytes from 192.168.4.52: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.698 ms
    13. 64 bytes from 192.168.4.52: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.365 ms
    14. --- 192.168.4.52 ping statistics ---
    15. 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1000ms
    16. rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.365/0.531/0.698/0.168 ms

    步骤二:配置主服务器192.168.4.51

    1)对yaya用户进行授权

    1. [root@db51 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
    2. mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to yaya@"%" identified by "123456";
    3. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.03 sec)

    2)启用binlog日志,修改/etc/my.cnf配置,重新启动MySQL服务程序

    指定服务器ID号、允许日志同步:

    1. [root@db51 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
    2. [mysqld]
    3. log_bin=db51                     //启用binlog日志,并指定文件名前缀
    4. server_id=51                     //指定服务器ID号
    5. binlog-format="mixed" // 指定binlog日志格式

    重启mysql服务:

    1. [root@db51 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld

    确保/var/lib/mysql下面有两个文件:

    1. [root@db51 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql/db51.*
    2. /var/lib/mysql/db51.000001 /var/lib/mysql/db51.index

    查看主服务正在使用的日志信息

    查看主服务器状态,记录下当前的日志文件名、偏移的位置(下面SLAVE发起复制时需要用到):

    1. mysql> show master status;
    2. +-------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
    3. | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
    4. +-------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
    5. | db51.000002 | 437 | | | |
    6. +-------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
    7. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    步骤三:配置从服务器192.168.4.52

    1)在服务器192.168.4.52上对user53用户进行授权

    1. [root@db52 ~]# mysql -u root -p123456
    2. mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to user53@"192.168.4.53" identified by "654321";
    3. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

    2)修改/etc/my.cnf配置,启用binlog日志,指定server_id 和 允许级联复制

    1. [root@db52 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
    2. [mysqld]
    3. server_id=52
    4. log-bin=db52
    5. binlog-format="mixed"
    6. log_slave_updates //允许级联复制

    3)配置完成后,重启mysql服务:

    1. [root@db52 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld

    4)确保/var/lib/mysql下面有两个文件:

    1. [root@db52 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql/db52.*
    2. /var/lib/mysql/db52.000001 /var/lib/mysql/db52.index

    5)查看正在使用的日志信息

    1. [root@db52 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
    2. mysql> show master status;
    3. +-------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
    4. | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
    5. +-------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
    6. | db52.000001 | 154 | | | |
    7. +-------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
    8. 1 row in set (0.00 sec) //查看日志文件名、偏移的位置

    6)验证主库的授权用户

    [root@db52 ~]# mysql -h192.168.4.51 -uyaya -p123456

    mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

    Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

    Your MySQL connection id is 4

    Server version: 5.7.17-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

    Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

    owners.

    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

    1. mysql> //验证成功

    7)通过change master语句指定master服务器的IP地址、同步用户名/密码、起始日志文件、偏移位置(参考master上的状态输出):

    [root@db52 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456

    mysql> change master to

    -> master_host="192.168.4.51",

    -> master_user="yaya",

    -> master_password="123456",

    -> master_log_file="db51.000002",

    -> master_log_pos=437;

    Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.43 sec)

    8)启动slave进程

    mysql> start slave;

    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

    9)查看进程状态信息,通过show slave status语句可查看从服务器状态,确认其中的IO线程、SQL线程正常运行,才能成功同步,IO线程和SQL线程必须是Yes

    mysql> show slave status \G;

    *************************** 1. row ***************************

    Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

    Master_Host: 192.168.4.51

    Master_User: yaya

    Master_Port: 3306

    Connect_Retry: 60

    Master_Log_File: db51.000002

    Read_Master_Log_Pos: 437

    Relay_Log_File: db52-relay-bin.000002

    Relay_Log_Pos: 315

    Relay_Master_Log_File: db51.000002

    Slave_IO_Running: Yes

    Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

    Replicate_Do_DB:

    Replicate_Ignore_DB:

    Replicate_Do_Table:

    Replicate_Ignore_Table:

    Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

    Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

    Last_Errno: 0

    Last_Error:

    Skip_Counter: 0

    Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 437

    Relay_Log_Space: 521

    Until_Condition: None

    Until_Log_File:

    Until_Log_Pos: 0

    Master_SSL_Allowed: No

    Master_SSL_CA_File:

    Master_SSL_CA_Path:

    Master_SSL_Cert:

    Master_SSL_Cipher:

    Master_SSL_Key:

    Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

    Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

    Last_IO_Errno: 0

    Last_IO_Error:

    Last_SQL_Errno: 0

    Last_SQL_Error:

    Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

    Master_Server_Id: 51

    Master_UUID: 81a13101-aa66-11e8-ad11-525400019e62

    Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info

    SQL_Delay: 0

    SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL

    Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates

    Master_Retry_Count: 86400

    Master_Bind:

    Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:

    Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:

    Master_SSL_Crl:

    Master_SSL_Crlpath:

    Retrieved_Gtid_Set:

    Executed_Gtid_Set:

    Auto_Position: 0

    Replicate_Rewrite_DB:

    Channel_Name:

    Master_TLS_Version:

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    步骤四:配置从服务器192.168.4.53

    1)验证主库的授权用户

    1. [root@db53 ~]# mysql -h192.168.4.52 -uuser53 -p654321
    2. mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    3. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
    4. Your MySQL connection id is 7
    5. Server version: 5.7.17-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
    6. Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    7. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    8. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    9. owners.
    10. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    11. mysql> //验证成功

    2)指定server_id

    1. [mysqld]
    2. validate_password_policy=0
    3. validate_password_length=6
    4. server_id=53

    3)重新启动服务

    1. [root@db53 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld

    4)管理员登录指定主库信息

    1. [root@db53 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
    2. mysql> change master to
    3. -> master_host="192.168.4.52",
    4. -> master_user="user53",
    5. -> master_password="654321",
    6. -> master_log_file=" db52.000001",
    7. -> master_log_pos=154;
    8. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.37 sec)

    5)启动slave进程

    1. mysql> start slave;
    2. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)

    6)查看进程状态信息

    1. mysql> show slave status\G
    2. *************************** 1. row ***************************
    3. Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
    4. Master_Host: 192.168.4.52
    5. Master_User: user53
    6. Master_Port: 3306
    7. Connect_Retry: 60
    8. Master_Log_File: db52.000001
    9. Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
    10. Relay_Log_File: db53-relay-bin.000003
    11. Relay_Log_Pos: 315
    12. Relay_Master_Log_File: db52.000001
    13. Slave_IO_Running: Yes
    14. Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

    步骤五:客户端验证配置

    1)在主服务器上在主库上授权访问gamedb库的用户

    1. [root@db51 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
    2. mysql> grant all on gamedb.* to dada@"%" identified by "123456";
    3. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.03 sec)

    2)客户端使用授权用户连接主库,建库、表、插入记录

    1. [root@room9pc01 ~]# mysql -h192.168.4.51 -udada -p123456
    2. Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
    3. Your MySQL connection id is 7
    4. Server version: 5.7.17-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
    5. Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
    6. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    7. MySQL [(none)]> //验证成功
    8. MySQL [(none)]> create database gamedb; //创建测试库
    9. Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)
    10. MySQL [(none)]> create table gamedb.t1(id int); //在gamedb下创建t1表
    11. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.17 sec)
    12. MySQL [(none)]> insert into gamedb.t1 values(8888); //在t1表中插入数值
    13. Query OK, 1 row affected (0.22 sec)

    3)客户端使用授权用户连接2台从库时,也可以看到主库上新的库表记录

    1. [root@room9pc01 ~]# mysql -h192.168.4.52 -udada -p123456 //验证52主机的状态
    2. Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
    3. Your MySQL connection id is 10
    4. Server version: 5.7.17-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
    5. Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
    6. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    7. MySQL [(none)]> select * from gamedb.t1; //查询插入的表格
    8. +------+
    9. | id |
    10. +------+
    11. | 8888 |
    12. +------+
    13. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
    14. MySQL [(none)]> exit
    15. [root@room9pc01 ~]# mysql -h192.168.4.53 -udada -p123456 //验证53主机的状态
    16. Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
    17. Your MySQL connection id is 6
    18. Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
    19. Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
    20. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    21. MySQL [(none)]> select * from gamedb.t1;
    22. +------+
    23. | id |
    24. +------+
    25. | 8888 |
    26. +------+
    27. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    3 配置半同步复制模式

    3.1 问题

    • 开启案例1 主库192.168.4.51 半同步复制模式
    • 开启案例1 从库192.168.4.52 半同步复制模式
    • 开启案例1 从库192.168.4.53 半同步复制模式
    • 查看半同步复制模式是否开启

    3.2 步骤

    实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

    步骤一:查看是否允许动态加载模块,

    1)查看是否允许动态加载模块默认允许

    1. mysql> show variables like 'have_dynamic_loading';
    2. +----------------------+-------+
    3. | Variable_name | Value |
    4. +----------------------+-------+
    5. | have_dynamic_loading | YES |
    6. +----------------------+-------+
    7. 1 row in set (0.01 sec)

    2)命令行加载插件,用户需有SUPER权限

    主库上面操作:

    1. mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_master SONAME 'semisync_master.so';

    从库上面操作:

    1. mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_slave SONAME 'semisync_slave.so';

    查看系统库下的表,模块是否安装成功:

    1. mysql> SELECT PLUGIN_NAME, PLUGIN_STATUS FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PLUGINS WHERE PLUGIN_NAME LIKE '%semi%';
    2. +----------------------+---------------+
    3. | PLUGIN_NAME | PLUGIN_STATUS |
    4. +----------------------+---------------+
    5. | rpl_semi_sync_master | ACTIVE |
    6. | rpl_semi_sync_slave | ACTIVE |
    7. +----------------------+---------------+
    8. 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    3)启用半同步复制,在安装完插件后,半同步复制默认是关闭的

    主库上面执行:

    1. mysql> SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1;
    2. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    从库上面执行:

    1. mysql> SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1;
    2. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    查看半同步复制模式是否启用:

    1. mysql> show variables like "rpl_semi_sync_%_enabled";
    2. +------------------------------+-------+
    3. | Variable_name | Value |
    4. +------------------------------+-------+
    5. | rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled | ON |
    6. | rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled | ON |
    7. +------------------------------+-------+
    8. 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    4)永久启用半同步复制

    主库配置

    1. [root@master51 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
    2. [mysqld]
    3. plugin-load=rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so
    4. rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1

    从库配置

    1. [root@slave52 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
    2. [mysqld]
    3. plugin-load=rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so
    4. rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1

    在高可用架构下,master和slave需同时启动,以便在切换后能继续使用半同步复制

    1. [root@master51 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
    2. [mysqld]
    3. plugin-load \
    4. ="rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
    5. rpl-semi-sync-master-enabled = 1
    6. rpl-semi-sync-slave-enabled = 1
    tips
    
    master:
    GRANT SUPER,REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'repl'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'replpwd';
    show master status\G
                 File: mysql-bin.000002
             Position: 154
    
    slave:
    /etc/my.cnf
    添加一段
    replicate-wild-ignore-table = mysql.%
    replicate-wild-ignore-table = sys.%
    replicate-wild-ignore-table = information_schema.%
    replicate-wild-ignore-table = performance_schema.%
    log_slave_updates=ON
    
    CHANGE MASTER TO 
    MASTER_HOST='10.31.240.40',MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='replpwd',MASTER_PORT=23306,MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=5,MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000002',MASTER_LOG_POS=154;
    START SLAVE;
    show slave status\G
                 Slave_IO_Running: Yes
                Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
    
    如果开启了gtid,也可以用
    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='10.31.240.40',MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='replpwd',MASTER_PORT=23306,master_auto_position=1;
    

    MP3